Comparison between Manual Gear and Automatic Gear Research Paper

Correlation between Manual Gear and Automatic Gear - Research Paper Example Such a transmission is comprised of a progression of apparatuses that are utilized to create the rotational power expected to turn the wheels of the vehicle. The transmission unit of a vehicle which is ordinarily called a rigging box has gears which move power structure the motor of the vehicle to its wheels. The transmission must be outfitted with numerous riggings in that the vehicle works on the best possible apparatus in various circumstances. The gearboxes are of different sorts with the distinction being the determinant factor of how a vehicle will work. There are two principle sorts of apparatuses; manual rigging and programmed gears. Present day vehicles have been outfitted with two significant transmission alternatives, in particular; manual or programmed transmission. There exist various contrasts between these transmission types concerning their segments, how they work, the focal points and weaknesses related with them and their applications. This paper is going to take a gander at the distinctions apparent between programmed transmission and manual transmission. A manual gearbox type is a vehicle transmission which allows the driver to pick equips as the individual in question wishes with the utilization of a stick move. For the driver to choose the ideal rigging, the grasp pedal must be discouraged making it one of a kind to vehicles with manual transmission (Zheng W. Chung et al 2007). This move separates the gearbox detaching it from the motor. When the ideal apparatus has been picked through having the shifter moved to the right position, the grip is currently free and can be discharged. This activity reconnects the gearbox and the motor. Manual transmission can be grouped into two sorts; the consistent work type and the sliding-gear plan. In the sliding rigging plan, its fundamental parts are the bunch and drive gear. On each rigging is a canine grip fitted with a center point, a pole and an external ring (Zheng W. Chung et al 2007). Synchronizers are likewise fitted to forestall conflicting of the apparatuses. The center point for the most part splines the drive gears while

Gray Seal Facts (Halichoerus grypus)

Dark Seal Facts (Halichoerus grypus) The dark seal (Halichoerus grypus) is an earless or genuine seal found along North Atlantic coasts. It is known as the dim seal in the United States and the dim seal somewhere else. It is likewise called the Atlantic seal or the horsehead seal, for the guys particular angled nose. Quick Facts: Gray Seal Logical Name: Halichoerus grypusCommon Names: Gray seal, dark seal, Atlantic seal, horsehead sealBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 5 feet 3 inches - 8 feet 10 inchesWeight: 220-880 poundsLifespan: 25-35 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: North Atlantic beach front watersPopulation: 600,000Conservation Status: Least Concern Depiction Like different earless seals (family Phocidae), the dark seal has short flippers and needs outside ear folds. Develop guys are a lot bigger than females and have an alternate coat shading. Guys normal around 8 feet in length, however may develop to more than 10 feet long. They weigh as much as 880 pounds. Guys are dull dim or tanish dark with silver spots. The species logical name, Halichoerus grypus, implies snare nosed ocean pig, and alludes to the guys since quite a while ago curved nose. Females go from around 5 feet 3 crawls to 7 feet 6 creeps long and weigh somewhere in the range of 220 and 550 pounds. They have silver-dim hide with dull dissipated spots. Little guys are brought into the world with white hide. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/s2aTpO7LDEf7JtbxzrfMYiCD65U=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1124455998-aec3b4ca3cd1415ea2ec9be510aa0537.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ED-Hy2sFWyf32qHSDzzflvSd1-Q=/755x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1124455998-aec3b4ca3cd1415ea2ec9be510aa0537.jpg 755w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/bkiliRubaCJsV50mmjAZAqTM_A4=/1210x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1124455998-aec3b4ca3cd1415ea2ec9be510aa0537.jpg 1210w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/moGC7GZEsYnvf2x0KliOLh6TVC0=/2121x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1124455998-aec3b4ca3cd1415ea2ec9be510aa0537.jpg 2121w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8FSgPxQ75i8qgi97rHQle1dS1bI=/2121x1414/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/GettyImages-1124455998-aec3b4ca3cd1415ea2ec9be510aa0537.jpg src=//:0 alt=Gray seal bull class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-6 information following container=true /> The dim seal bull has an unmistakable horsehead face. Noemi De La Ville/500px/Getty Images Environment and Distribution Dim seals live in the North Atlantic Ocean. There are three enormous dim seal populaces and various littler settlements. The species happens in extraordinary numbers in the beach front waters of Canada south to Massachusetts (with sightings in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), the Baltic Sea, and the United Kingdom and Ireland. The seals are regularly observed when they pull out in winter. They visit rough drifts, chunks of ice, sandbars, and islands. <img information srcset=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/aeTvBDGDti5CiCF5VOghUcz4USk=/300x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/dim seal-appropriation 8532fbc5fb7145dcb10ffeaa78d80c52.jpg 300w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/qwyPRqJAJT3L2IG9WLBRtNVyiLQ=/600x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/dim seal-conveyance 8532fbc5fb7145dcb10ffeaa78d80c52.jpg 600w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/hnS55YbwUs2b_hDn1LQBbclg4Wg=/900x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/dark seal-circulation 8532fbc5fb7145dcb10ffeaa78d80c52.jpg 900w, https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/ - hhiDbI0mScqBkr2fvEKoi3AuBI=/1500x0/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/dim seal-dispersion 8532fbc5fb7145dcb10ffeaa78d80c52.jpg 1500w information src=https://www.thoughtco.com/thmb/8cjKPqrIk6LQ0Ow3-ltjG6HWbQM=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/dim seal-appropriation 8532fbc5fb7145dcb10ffeaa78d80c52.jpg src=//:0 alt=Gray seal appropriation map class=lazyload information click-tracked=true information img-lightbox=true information expand=300 id=mntl-sc-square image_1-0-10 information following container=true /> Dim seal appropriation. Darekk2 utilizing IUCN Red List information/ Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International permit Diet Seals are carnivores. Dim seals eat fish, squid, octopuses, shellfish, porpoises, harbor seals, and seabirds. Develop guys (bulls) will murder and rip apart little guys of its own species. Dim seals can plunge for up to an hour at profundities up to 1,560 feet. They use sight and sound to chase their prey. Conduct For the majority of the year, dim seals are single or live in little gatherings. During this time, they rest in untamed water with just their head and neck presented to air. They accumulate ashore for mating, pupping, and shedding. Generation and Offspring Guys may raise with a few females during the mating season. Incubation keeps going 11 months, bringing about the introduction of a solitary puppy. Females conceive an offspring in March in the Baltic, from December to February in the western Atlantic, and from September to November in the eastern Atlantic. Infant little guys have white hide and weigh around 25 pounds. For 3 weeks, the female medical attendants her little guy and doesn't chase. Guys don't take part in little guy care yet may shield females from dangers. After this time, the little guys shed into their grown-up coats and head to the ocean to figure out how to chase. Puppy endurance rate ranges from 50-85%, contingent upon climate conditions and prey accessibility. Females become explicitly full grown at 4 years old. Dim seals live somewhere in the range of 25 and 35 years. Preservation Status The IUCN arranges the dark seal preservation status as least concern. In spite of the fact that the species was about extirpated in the mid-twentieth century, it started to recuperate during the 1980s after the entry of the 1972 Marine Mammal Protection Act in the United States and the Conservation of Seals Act 1970 in the United Kingdom (which doesn't make a difference to Northern Ireland). Dim seal populace size has kept on expanding. Starting at 2016, the populace was evaluated to be 632,000 dim seals. Some anglers have required a separate, accepting high seal numbers are at any rate incompletely liable for low fish stocks. Dangers Dark seals are legitimately pursued in Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic Sea. Dangers to the seals remember entrapment for angling gear, by-get, crash with ships, contamination (particularly PCBs and DDT), and oil slicks. Environmental change and extreme climate likewise influence the seals and their prey. Dark Seals and Humans Dark seals do well in bondage and are normally found in zoos. They were generally well known in carnival acts. As per Scottish researcher David Thomson, they dark seal was the premise of the Celtic seal legend of the selchie, an animal that could accept human and seal structure. While dark seals visit possessed zones, individuals are encouraged to abstain from taking care of or bugging them, as this changes seal conduct and at last jeopardizes them. Sources Ailsa j, Hall; Bernie j, Mcconnell; Richard j, Barker. Elements influencing first-year endurance in quite a while and their suggestions forever history methodology. Diary of Animal Ecology. 70: 138â€149, 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2001.00468.xBjrvall, A. what's more, S. Ullstrã ¶m. The Mammals of Britain and Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1986.Bowen, D. Halichoerus grypus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T9660A45226042. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T9660A45226042.enBowen, W.D. also, D.B. Siniff. Conveyance, populace science, and taking care of nature of marine warm blooded creatures. In: J.E., Reynolds, III and S.A. Rommel (eds), Biology of Marine Mammals, pp. 423-484. Smithsonian Press, Washington, D.C.. 1999.Wozencraft, W.C. Request Carnivora. In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Warm blooded creature Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (third ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 20092010

Blog Archive University of Virginia (Darden) Essay Analysis, 2009â€"2010 For the 2009â€"2010 application season, Darden has reduced the number of essay questions on its MBA application from three to just two, though the total word count remains the same at 1,000. The small number of questions means that applicants will need to exercise tighter focus to ensure that all relevant points are included. How have the changes in the global economy over the last 18 months affected you and your plan for the future? (400 words) Darden’s Admissions Committee undoubtedly recognizes that a higher than usual proportion of applicants this year will most likely have grappled with the issueâ€"or at least the specterâ€"of layoffs, unemployment or underemployment, and is responding with this head-on question. Getting the topic out into the open this way allows such applicants to address this element of their candidacies right off the bat. Most MBA admissions personnel with whom mbaMission has spoken recently have stated that what they are most curious about with regard to unemployed or laid-off candidates is what the applicant has been doing to further his/her personal or professional growth in the meantime, so this is certainly a topic that should not be overlooked. Of course, this question is relevant not only for candidates who have had to face losing their jobs, but also for aspiring MBAs who are considering careers in the finance industry. Those applicants should explain how and why the changes in this industry have influenced their short- and/or long-term goals and their interest in or passion for the field. Those applicants who have been fortunate enough to avoid an interruption in their career thus far and do not plan to pursue a finance-related track should still have significant things to say about how their perception of the business world may have altered over the past year and a half. All candidates may want to consider addressing the ethics angle, given that unethical behavior (e.g., predatory lending) has received much of the blame for the economic downturn. This in turn should lead in to how what one has seen and learned will play a part in what kind of leader the applicant will be in his/her career going forward. This point is particularly relevant with respect to Darden, because of the school’s long-held and intense focus on ethics in business. Ultimately, applicants should take care not to focus too exclusively on the lessons learned and gloss over the “plans for the future” aspect of the question. The school wants to know how you will put your takeaways to good use going forward, which to some degree will also reveal how you will likely apply and benefit from the skills you will learn at Business School. What will you contribute to an MBA program and what are your personal and professional expectations of the program you attend? (600 words) At first glance, this question sounds rather overarching and general, and indeed, the Admissions Committee seems to be asking for candidates’ broad ideas on these points by using the phrases “an MBA program” and “the program you attend” rather than referring to Darden’s program in particular. However, the veiled follow-up question is surely “how did these lead you to choose Darden?” This is an obvious opportunity for candidates to highlight their unique qualities, experiences and abilities and to do so within the context of what makes Darden unique as well, so applicants should take the time to researchâ€"if they have not already done soâ€"the standout characteristics of the school’s MBA program, such as the case method, the focus on general management, Learning Teams, etc. For the second part of the question, applicants should consider their short- and long-term goals and what they need, in light of their past personal and professional experiences, from an MBA education and school that will enable them to attain these goals. Again, these needs should ideally connect to specific aspects and resources of the Darden program for this essay response to be most effective. In essence, this question is a kind of Personal Statement, so applicants may find consulting our “mbaMission Personal Statement Guide” helpful in brainstorming. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge, via our online store.   Please feel free to download your copy today. Share ThisTweet Blogroll University of Virginia (Darden)

Ifrs Adoption in the Us - White Paper - 1463 Words

Adoption of IFRS in U.S. Companies – The Sooner, the Better Introduction Source: http://us.kpmg.com/jnet/English/Archives/2009/Issue1/images/map_en.gif IFRS Implementation Around the World (2008) Over 120 countries around the world already permit or even require public companies to use the new International Financial Accounting Standards IFRS. Among them are the EU, China, Russia, and Brazil. Canada and Korea are expected to adopt IFRS by 2012; Mexico will require all listed companies to adopt IFRS in 2012 (http://www.ifrs.com/ifrs_faqs.html#q1). The U.S., despite a strong initial reluctance to adopt the new standards, are currently working toward a convergence of U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The SEC recently approved 2015 as the earliest†¦show more content†¦U.S. companies would have to adopt IFRS’ way of valuing assets and liabilities just to remain competitive without understating for example their total assets (http://www.aleablog.com/ifrs-vs-us-gaap-european-banks-leverage-overstated-picture/). Source: http://www.ifrs.com/updates/aicpa/Backgrounder_pdf.html A set of internationally recognized accounting standards facilitates capital flows across borders. Globally accepted standards make financial information readily comparable for its users. Foreign investors are more inclined to put money into a U.S. company if they are familiar with the company’s financial reporting. Conversely, U.S. investors will find it easier and less risky to invest in foreign companies when they know the local accounting standards (Epstein 2009). This will make U.S. companies and capital markets more competitive, since it saves costly reconcilition of different standards. Preparers, investors, auditors, and others will benefit from these cost effieciencies, since a Results of an IFAC Survey among accounting leaders around the world with respect to the importance of convergence to International Financial Reporting Standards for economic growth in their countries: global standard allows them to operate in a single accounting environment worldwide (Pricewate rhouseCoopers 2007). The globally positive attitude towards an convergence to IFRS is exemplified by an IFAC survey amongShow MoreRelatedPrincipal vs Rule Based Accounting1733 Words   |  7 PagesAn Insight on IFRS versus U.S GAAP amp; Implications of IFRS adoption on Financial Statement and Accounting Quality Q2) Principle and rule-based accounting reflect different approaches to accounting. The pros and cons of rule-based accounting (RBA) and principle-based accounting (PBA) are as discussed. (1) RBA deters creative accounting as rules reduce opportunistic discretion unlike PBA which is more subjective and ambiguous.On the other hand, others argue that rules are a means to circumventRead MoreUs Accounting Standards vs. International Accounting Standards1742 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the United States accounting standards and International accounting standards. The United States uses the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to issue financial reporting procedures. The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). There are proposals for the United States to adopt the International standards. Financial reporting procedures are debated about the United States using the Generally Accepted AccountingRead Mor eThe Development Of Global Financial Reporting1871 Words   |  8 PagesEnron and WorldCom are getting get caught for fraudulent behavior. Thus, increasing new regulations will not help eliminate fraudulent and criminal activities because it will just would result in more conflicts. The best possible way to help eliminate white collar crimes in the United States is to persuade companies to change their financial accounting practices. This is because increasing more regulations such as The Securities Acts of 1933 and 1934, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, and theRead MoreCons and Pros of Internet16245 Words   |  65 PagesAccounting and Business Research, International Accounting Policy Forum. pp. 5-27. 2006 5 International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): pros and cons for investors Ray Ball* Abstract—Accounting in shaped by economic and political forces. It follows that increased worldwide integration of both markets and politics (driven by reductions in communications and information processing costs) makes increased integration of financial reporting standards and practice almost inevitable. 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According to BBC site, â€Å" it was the first to realize energy and water could be bought, sold, and hedged just like shares and bonds. Enron became a huge market-maker in the US, acting as the main broker in energy products, alsoRead MoreSpain Sub Prime Crisis7850 Words   |  32 PagesStudy case: Spain Author: | Supervisor: | | | Department of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ January 2014 Abstract How did the Subprime Crisis, a small problem of U.S. ï ¬ nancial markets, aï ¬â‚¬ect the entire global banking system? The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of the subprime crisis on the banking sector in Europe, with a close attention on the case of Spain. Spain is currently facing the worst crisis ever experienced in its financial history, so it would be interesting to analyzeRead MoreAccounting 1-4 Chapter100452 Words   |  402 PagesText and Answer Do it! p. 5 p. 11 p. 18 p. 20 Work Using the Decision Toolkit Review Summary of Study Objectives Work Comprehensive Do it! p. 23 Answer Self-Test Questions Complete Assignments Go to WileyPLUS for practice and tutorials Read A Look at IFRS p. 42 study objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Describe the primary forms of business organization. 2 Identify the users and uses of accounting information. 3 Explain the three principal types of business activityRead MoreA-201: Financial Accounting Study Guide25403 Words   |  102 Pagescustomers, usually through retailers, or to other manufacturers who used them as raw materials. Ex) General Motors, IBM, PepsiCo. 2) Retail Firms – Purchase goods from manufacturers and sell them to consumers. 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Chinas One Child - 1290 Words

Hakop Jack Avetisyan Essay #1 [Choice#2] The one-child policy is a population control policy that was introduced in 1979 to relive social, economic, and environmental problems in China. At the time the growth rate of China’s population was very high and the main purpose of the policy was to limit the large family units in the country to one child each. After implementing the policy, the government hoped to see reduction in the growth rate of its enormous population. Sometimes couples can have a second child only if their first was a girl or had disabilities. As of today, China’s government believes that their one-child policy will result in a wealthier, healthier†¦show more content†¦Since many men won’t be able to have a partner, it can trigger rape, prostitution, and forced marriages. The one-child policy is also unsuccessful because it has cause a gender imbalance which experts say ,†could cause outbreaks of violence in China and even war for th e region† (documentary). Since there are more males than females in China now, in twenty years these males won’t have anyone to marry and experts tell us it can result is violence and war. The policy is like a treat to China in the long run so it makes absolutely no sense why the government thinks it’s so successful. The preference of males is also affecting many women, forcing early abortion and violating human rights. It has put many Chinese women in danger often being kidnapped and forced into marriage. In â€Å"Chinas Lost Girls† Lisa Ling interviews a women who was kidnapped and sold as a wife and she tells us , â€Å"it was very difficult for me..the man treated me very badly..when I tried to escape I was beaten badly† (documentary). This women and many like her are kidnapped and mistreated because of the growing gender imbalance. Men kidnap women because they aren’t too many of them. The policy is hurting many women and as long as this gender imbalance increases experts say the kidnappings will â€Å"only get worse† (documentary). The Chinese government believes the policyShow MoreRelatedThe One Child Policy in China2838 Words   |  12 Pages In 1979, China decided to establish a one child policy which states that couples are only allowed to have one child, unless they meet certain exceptions[1].In order to understand what social impacts the one child policy has created in China it important to evaluate the history of this law. China’s decision to implement a Child policy has caused possible corruption, an abuse of women’s rights, has led to high rates of female feticide, has created a gender ratio problem for China, and has led toRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1000 Words   |  4 PagesChina’s One Child Policy. This is something that I am against. I do not think you should limit a family to one child. There are many problems with this policy that I do not think were thought about when the policy was created. I have not found many good things about this policy. The only positive thing I have found about this policy is that it creates many chances for adoption. But most of these children who are up for adoption do not get adopted. So I do not support China’s one-child policy. One reasonRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1227 Words   |  5 PagesThe one child policy in the Peoples Republic of China has recently been lifted to allowed families to freely have two children rather than one. This policy, introduced to China in the late 1970’s, was due to a massive baby boom which had taken place in the 1960’s. In the early to late 1950’s the Chinese government had encouraged its citizens to produce children at a rapid rate in the hope of building a larger work force (Managing Population Change Case Study: China). In order to counteract this boomRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe One Child Policy China has had the new population control for almost 36 years, composed by the one-child policy and prohibited excess reproduction. The birth control plan has received praise on reducing the population, but also received criticism over the late 20th century. In 1979, couples were forced to pledge not to give second birth or bear any more children (Feng, 2014). From 1979 to 2015, while the population growth rate has reduced substantially, this implementation has been tremendouslyRead More Chinas One-Child Policy Essay1337 Words   |  6 Pages Chinas One-Child Policy nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In our society, the United States, children are seen potentially as the as the future. Whether they are male or female, they have the power to be something when they grow up. But if their life is cut short, the opportunity to do so is taken away. In 1976, China implemented what is known as the quot;One-Child Policyquot; in order to try and solve their problem of overpopulation (McDonald, 1996). Although the policy may seem as though it isRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1745 Words   |  7 PagesChina’s One Child policy is a policy that the Chinese government introduced in 1979 to try and solve the problem of overpopulation. The Policy’s main purpose was to make sure that China could support its large population with facilities such as healthcare, education, housing, good jobs and most importantly, food. The aim was to reduce poverty and to improve overall quality of life for the people. China’s one-child policy has led to unintended and negative consequences, such as a diminishing laborRead MoreChina s One Child Police2169 Words   |  9 PagesChina’s One Child Police in A Nutshell Thursday, May 4, 2016 (Class) â€Å"It is possible that these millions of suns, along with thousands of millions more we cannot see, make up all together but a globule of blood or lymph in the veins of an animal, of a minute insect, hatched in a world of whose vastness we can frame no conception, but which nevertheless would itself, in proportion to some other world, be no more than a speck of dust,† Anatole France, The Garden of Epicurus. Last October, China endedRead MoreChina s One Child Policy1925 Words   |  8 Pagesbillion people. It is the most populous country in the world and it is only increasing. The Chinese government has spent more than 40 years trying to slow their population growth. They have done so through their controversial one child policy. There is no denying that China’s one child policy changed the lives of Chinese citizens when it the Chinese Communist Party [CCP] in 1979 as a way of controlling population. Under Mao, the government encouraged families to have as many children as possible, believingRead MoreThe One Child Policy Restricted Citizens Of China1104 Words   |  5 Pages The one-child policy restricted citizens of China to one child per family. This family-planning policy was created in 1980 to help a growing population. The effects of this policy included millions of forced abortions and sterilizations (Wong 2). In 2013, the policy was relaxed because the drop in population created an age gap in China. Also the ratio of males to females became unequal. There were up to 116.9 boys for every 100 girls in China (Luo 2). The old continuity was a one-child policy putRead MoreRepercussions Of China s One Child Policy883 Words   |  4 PagesChina’s One Child Policy â€Å"China Will Have another Major Demographic Problem,† is an article on About.com written by Matt Rosernberg. It explains the great imbalance between man and women due to China’s One Child Policy, and how this situation will disturb the stability and development of China because the high numbers of bachelors tend to damage community by doing crimes and violence. The policy says that a couple could only have a child. This was created as a temporary solution since China was overpopulated

The Theory Of Self Thinking - 935 Words

Till death, humans face the uncertainty to their actions every day but through free will, mankind is able to hypothesize on the metaphysics of the choices made and if they are determined by factors that are not of human control. Conceptual thinkers that practice Philosophy, the study of conscious thinking and deducting from experience, and metaphysics, the study of existence, beliefs, and reality outside a human perception, can bring to light some of life s most complex questions per perceiver. Greek Philosopher, Aristotle, brought to attention that every experience has the potential to be manipulated by an external influence through various accumulated practices of knowledge, which is most effective assuming the human subject is not aware to the method of influence. The practices of these influences include methods of persuasion that appeal to emotional, ethical, and logical aspects pertaining to his/her attributes. Aristotle gave name to these factors as Pathos (persuasion through emotion), Ethos (persuasion through ethics), and logos (persuasion through logic). These concepts suggest that the subject is able to control but is also vulnerable to manipulation. The deeper the experiencer questions and configures the realities and illusions of the perceived world, the more realistic it seems to have the possible existence of both scenarios. These are ideas that have the potential for different opinions and views by each percipient; for it is highly unlikely for twoShow MoreRelatedReflective Thinking And Schon s Theory Of Self Study2371 Words   |  10 Pagesteacher educators agreed to travel an unknown path together, using self-study to walk through doors of discovery about themselves, each other, and the practice of teacher education. Self-study holds great, yet largely unrealized, potential to help teacher educators better understand and impact their practice. Owing its roots to Dewey’s (1938) theory of reflective thinking and Schà ¶n’s (1983) concept of â€Å"reflection in action,† self-study, though growing respect in the education community as a mechanismRead MoreMetaphysical Studies Of The Self And Personal Identity1395 Words   |  6 PagesMetaphysical studies of the self and personal identity were near non-existent prior to Renà © Descartes’ â€Å"Meditations on First Philosophy†. While â€Å"Meditations† was not written with the main focus on personal identity, Descartes makes assertions regarding the subject through the possessive voice. Most of the assertions regarding personal identity materialize in Mediations two and six. By using â€Å"I† in his essay, his epistemological paper is turned into a paper that also concerns self, consciousness, and identityRead MoreSpiritual Formation1595 Words   |  7 Pagescollection of theories. 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Merchant of Venice Shylock Victim or Villain Essay Example For Students

Merchant of Venice Shylock Victim or Villain Essay It is difficult to describe Shylock as a victim or a villain as there are many things that you can say for each. At the end of the play some of the audience may felt strongly that Shylock is a victim. However if had been able to get what he wanted people may have felt that he was more of a villain, if he had been able to get his pound of flesh. Throughout the play he has been very much a victim, but has also been quite a villain in parts of the play, and to some of the people who are close to him. To start off with him being a villain, he is a villain to Antonio, as he wants him dead. As this is one of the opening scenes the audience must feel that Shylock is a villain, but they should also be able to see his reasons for it. You call me misbeliever, cut-throat dog, And spit upon my Jewish gabardine, (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 106-107) Antonio has also spat on him, and kicked him, just because he does not have the same religion as Antonio, but the things Antonio does to Shylock are really nasty. Even worse, Antonio admits he has done these awful things, and he will very likely to do it again. I am as like to call thee so again, To spit on thee again, to spurn thee too (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 125-126) Antonio also takes away a lot of Shylocks business and money as he lends money out to people without any interest. Even though Antonio has done all these things to Shylock, I still cannot see, and the audience must feel that it is not enough for someone to take someones life away from them. Why does Antonio do these awful things to Shylock, because Shylock is a Jew! Dont Jews have normal feelings, dont they have the same eyes, eat the same food, hurt with the same weapons; Isnt Shylock a normal person like anyone else. If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? (Act 3, Scene 1, Line 57-59) Shakespeare really wants this speech to stand out, as it is a key speech to show that Shylock has feelings, and to be able to understand what he is feeling. All Jews are normal people, all they want to do is to be treated fairly, and they should not have to be picked on, or spat on, or even kicked on from people who are not Jews. As a 16th century audience would be viewing this, they would not see Shylocks point of view, and they would not feel his feelings, as a 16th century audience did not care about Jews then. Then Shylocks life takes a turn for the worse when he realises that his only daughter, or maybe people may agree, his greatest possession, has left him for a Christian, and stole from him under his nose, when she stole his money. Even worse Jessica is changing her Jewish religion to be a Christian. Now Shylock is a lonely man as he has hardly anyone, he only has Tubal, apart from Tubal; no one is on his side. All he has left is his money, but what can money buy? Money certainly cant buy happiness, and Shylock realises he is a lonely man, and there is nothing he can do to change that. From knowing this you have to feel that Shylock is very much a victim, and he is not going to be able to reach back up to the top again. You can tell from this quote that Shylock is going to be a very lonely man, and that he cares about his money more than his own daughter. .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .postImageUrl , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:hover , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:visited , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:active { border:0!important; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:active , .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773 .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufd04704e3ab61ad30eaa2cce5d605773:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: GCSE Drama: Portfolio of Evidence Task 1: Response Phase EssayOf double ducats, stolen from me by my daughter! And jewels, two stones, two rich and precious stones, Stolen by my daughter! Justice! find the girl; She hath the stones upon her, and the ducats. (Act 2, Scene 8, Line 19-22) Hearing this, it totally changes the way in which people see Shylock, from being a very lonely man, and being a victim to a quite an evil man. Even though his daughter has run away from him, and stolen from him, he could still forgive her and still have the relationship as before, even if it is against his religion, he would be able to do it for his daughter, but Shylock would rather have his money and his jewels back, than have his daughter. Now he appears not to care about his daughter at all, but he has his pride. When the play gets to the court scene, you can tell from Antonios strange behaviour, and what he says, he just wants to get a it over with and basically let Shylock win, so he will get his pound of flesh. Let me have judgement and the Jew his will. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 83) When Shylock enters the courtroom, you can tell that no one is on his side, and he has no friends, as even the Duke does not call him by his real name. Go one and call the Jew in to the court. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 14) You may even feel now that Shylock wont even get a fair trial, but everyone is going to try and find a way possible for Shylock not to get Antonios pound of flesh. Later on in the court scene Portia, as Balthazar, starts teasing with Shylock by almost telling him that he can get Antonios pound of flesh, by saying things to Antonio You must prepare your bosom for his knife (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 243) You may however feel that Portia was not teasing with Shylock, and that she could just not find a way around the bond. Maybe Portia got the idea for Shylock not be able to take any blood from Antonios body from when she asked if there could be a surgeon, and Shylock said it was not in the bond. I strongly feel and the audience might feel that Portia would not have come down and taken the role of the judge if she could not of think of a way out for Shylock not having to take Antonios life. Now that Shylock thinks he is going to get what he wants he now starts praising Portia. O noble judge, O excellent young man! (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 244) When Portia decides to tell everyone her way in which Antonio can escape his death, and leave Shylock with nothing, things start to go terribly wrong for Shylock. But in the cutting it, if thou dost shed One drop of Christian blood, thy lands and goods Are by the laws of Venice confiscate Unto the state of Venice. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 307-310) Now from hearing this Gratiano starts taunting Shylock and making fun of him, by copying what Shylock said that it is in Antonios favour. O upright judge! Mark, Jew- O learned judge! (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 311-312) Even worse for Shylock when he thinks he can just leave without having to take Antonios pound of flesh, and just take the money Portia tells him that he cant. That by direct or indirect attempts He seek the life of any citizen, The party gainst the which he doth contrive Shall seize one half his goods, the other half .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .postImageUrl , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:hover , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:visited , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:active { border:0!important; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:active , .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0 .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u34fdde73c1bc6c4ea4b2854b185589c0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Othello and Richard III EssayComes to the privacy coffer of the state, And the offenders life lies in the mercy Of the duke only, gainst all other voice. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 348-354) This means that Shylock has attempted to kill Antonio, which Shylock could now be hanged, and will lose all his possessions. Now Shylocks life is at the lowest point, and you cannot see Shylocks life turning around. Gratiano starts being really nasty to Shylock. Therefore thou must be hangd at the states charge. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 365) At this point in the play I dont think Shylock really cares what happens to him, until Antonio has another shock for Shylock Two things provided more: that for this favour He presently becomes a Christian. (Act 4, Scene 1, Line 384-385) Now Shylock has lost everything and even his own religion, also he has to give all his possessions to Lorenzo and his daughter, who ran away from him, and left him on his own. Now, as Shylock has to become a Christian will everyone now be nice to him? In the end Shylock got left with nothing, and from seeing all this, you have to agree that Shylock has rightly been a victim, as from losing everything, to his possessions to his daughter, and even his own religion. However you have to look at this both ways, if Shylock went through with the bond and actually took a pound of flesh from Antonio, Shylock would be very much the villain. I feel that Shylock has been badly treated, as he should be treated the same as everybody, despite his religion, I also feel that Shylock would not of wanted to kill Antonio, if Antonio had done nothing to Shylock in the first place. For the audience viewing this in the present they can see that Shylock has been badly treated, and has been a victim, and can see his reasons for wanting to kill Antonio. People today are still prejudiced, but that is only a few minorities of the people, and even still it probably wont happen to the extent of what happened to Shylock, and Shylock would not get treated the way he did. However, when the audience saw the play when Shakespeare was alive, things were a lot different. The stunts that happened to Shylock were normal, and the audience had to feel that he was very much a villain in trying to kill Antonio, and he deserved what happened to him.

Tale Of 2 Cities, Justice Vs Injustice Essays - Philosophy Of Law

Tale Of 2 Cities, Justice Vs Injustice Justice VS Injustice Justice versus injustice, a battle fought since the time of man. Dickens' most valuable message in A Tale of Two Cities is that justice will always triumph over injustice. Justice and injustice play a big part in the book. In Darnay's many trials he has each time gotten away from his prosecutors because of help from friends and family. In his first trial his uncle, the Marquis, tries to imprison him for treason, but with the help of Carton he is let free. The second trial was a bit more complex, he is captured by the DeFarges, who don't plan on giving him a fair trial. They wanted to do him a great injustice by putting him to death for a law they had made up. The persuasive Dr. Menette reasoned with the jury, so that they would let him off. Of course it is not always this easy. It was very rare in those days that someone would be let off. The jury never usually took more than a few seconds to decide if the accused shall be put to death or not. Jail was no longer a matter after the revolution. The guillotine was saving them a great deal of time. People went to jail for only a little while, the trial was short and death even shorter. The third trial of Darnay not filled with much justice. He was released from jail and not long after, he got picked up again and back to jail he went, where this trial went quickly and he was sentenced to death. Even with this injustice that was given to Darnay, an even stronger justice was handed to him by a friend. Sydney Carton literally gave him life. The day before Charles was to be sent to the guillotine Sydney exchanged places with him, since they looked so much alike nobody could tell the difference. I don't think his messages apply much in today's world. In today's society things like that are not done. Cases could take years just to get to the court and the trial could even last years. People today get away with murder, robberies, and other federal offences. You can't always have justice, it won't always triumph over injustice. A person can't possibly think it is right when a young child gets murdered and the killer can't be convicted. But things like those happen in the world we live in today.

Moschops Facts and Figures

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Identity Theft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

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Poverty and Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Poverty and Inequality - Essay Example Contemporary scholars of poverty offer a different approach towards understanding poverty. In contemporary view, poverty is multidimensional and it is not dependent on income alone, rather it depends on lack of capabilities, deprivation or lack of resources and other important aspects such as security, rights and freedoms. Most traditional scholars depended on the traditional method of indexing poverty levels but the contemporary view has been helpful in giving clearer methods of dealing with poverty. Multidimensional study of poverty may take on the objective and subjective references in measurement of data. Measurement may also be dependent on the relative and absolute approaches in the references. In this discourse, several indices applying the latter and former methods will be under application in determining poverty and inequality. In order to calculate inequality, however, one has to understand what inequality means in an economic perspective in relation to poverty. In any given population, there is a difference between what people within the population earn. The uneven distribution of income in any given population is income inequality. In order for there to be income, there has to be several sources of income. These sources of income may be combinational or independent per person receiving the income. Income may result from wages, rent, bank account interests, salaries or even profits made in business transactions ( Stiglitz, 2012). In order to understand the complexities of economic inequality, the best specimen to use for the study is a family. In the study, the family’s income is under analysis, and then the family members ranked from the lowest income earner to the highest income earner. After the ranking, the incomes aid in establishing a Lorenz curve that is important in analysis of income. In order for a

Dance And Ethics In The Traditional African Philosophy Essay

Dance And Ethics In The Traditional African Philosophy Essay Chapter 2 LITERATURE REVIEW This section looks at various functions of dance in the Traditional African Society, especially its use for interpreting ideas such as ethics of (Twene KÃŽÂ µse) festival. 2.1 Dance and Ethics in the Traditional African Context Dance as a tool for perpetuating some simple ethics of the social values within the Ghanaian society has received some attention over the years. For example, an adowa  [1]  dancer begs his or her drummers to play a good rhythm for him or her to dance and thus seeks permission from the gods, elders and drummers before dancing.  [2]  By this, I am referring to simple gestures that portray a sense of respect and acknowledgement in the society. Dance is one of the effective tools for communication and nation building. These help in ensuring good behavioral change in the community.  [3]  According to Abà ­ÃƒÆ' °bà ¶là ¡ (2001), the term ethics as stated in the introductory section of this thesis are grouped into four areas; Normative ethics the basis and justification of moral rules and principles Meta ethics the meaning of moral terms Applied ethics the nature, content and application of specific moral guidelines Descriptive ethics accounts of how people actually behave in situations requiring moral action Abà ­ÃƒÆ' °bà ¶là ¡ points out that, contemporary thinking on ethics in African philosophy is concerned with normative and descriptive ethics. In justification to this, he argues that many African philosophers on the topic of ethics raise the question of the position of African ethics. The question is, do these ethics come out of religious doctrines (normative ethics), or are they results of reason (descriptive ethics). Ethics, as defined in the introduction of this thesis connote good human behavior in relation to other humans in a society. This is without the inclusion of a supernatural being or religion. It is humane, for every individual in a society to adopt positive characters to live peacefully in and out of the community without any religious intuition. On the other hand, the traditional African, by nature, is a religious being whose daily affairs are based on his or her relationship with divinities (God, gods, and or ancestral spirits, etc.). Therefore, the understandin g of ethics (which are found in the traditional beliefs and customs) will not depart from religion. The faith, trust, and fear for the divinity by the traditional African makes him or her submissive to the laid down rules and regulations of the community. In this contemporary era, many will perhaps appreciate the relevance of ethics, which is communicated through dance. Though, dance as a traditional activity, has suffered adulteration through the passing on from generation to generation, its usage in modern choreography with all the theatrical elements like sound, light, projections, costumes and make-ups, props and other technicalities makes it more educational and applicable to formal education. Realistically, some ethics in the traditional African context may not be applicable to the modern or contemporary society due to technological advancement, modernization, religious beliefs and disbeliefs and formal education. However, the attempt to use Ghanaian traditional dances creatively will shed light on old but yet beneficial traditional values. For example, the original benefit derived from the Dipo ceremony, may have lost its relevance to the Dangme girl today, because formal education has taken up some responsibility of the dipo rite. This is where choreography as a tool, can be used to promote some ethical values of the dipo rite and also serve as a preservative measure for the dipo dance as well. Some ceremonial dances positively affect the moral lives of people within the society when their themes are geared towards the endorsement of good conduct. The bragoro and dipo ceremonies and dance of the Dangme of Ghana is a typical example. Adinku (1994) notes that, dance for social ceremonies such as the dipo is restricted to girls in their puberty stage because the norms demand that, they must undergo initiation to inculcate in them the values of womanhood, and prepare them physically and emotionally to face their feminine responsibilities with confidence.  [4]  The performance of dipo and bragoro  [5]  help to simplify some of the ethical and moral lessons acquired in the entire ceremonies. The adowa dance of the Akan portrays some ethics. For example, a dancer may humbly plead with his or her drummers to play a good music as he or she dances by bowing and putting the right hand in the left hand, showing respect. The dancer bows to reverence a king in state and waves his right hand to greet and welcome spectators. These examples suggest that some dances are indicators and tools for bringing about ethical behaviors in the society. Dance as a non-verbal form of communication transcends ethnic and racial boundaries with fewer limitations.  [6]   Dance is fun, healing, joy, freedom, love, meditation, dynamic, an expression, emotional, magic and real and because of these qualities, it draws peoples attention when it is performed to an audience. These audiences are then exposed to and affected by the above irresistible qualities, thus, influenced by the symbolic movements carefully selected and used by the dancer or performer to express an emotional state.  [7]  This thesis uses the power of dance to address the findings of my research, which is the influence of the Twene KÃŽÂ µse festival on the practice of ethics. 2.2 The Relationship between Dance and Ethics Like ethical practices of the traditional African society, dance is one of the oldest traditions of man performed in all social gatherings such as festivals, naming ceremonies, funerals, puberty rites, and enstoolment and disstoolement of traditional leaders, because it graces every occasion in the life-circle of people. Within the life cycle of these people are their ethics and according to Nii-Yartey, a renowned Ghanaian choreographer, in Africa, dance serves as an index to the value systems that enable the community to interpret and express the various events of life.  [8]  Some of these events of life manifest the communitys reaction to areas such as work, to food and shelter, social and economic conditions, religious beliefs and disbeliefs, moments of joy and sadness. All these are captured in the dances of communities, thus, the Africans way of life in totality is reflected in his or her dance. To most Africans, dance is a habit formation, thus, one develops the interest and ability to dance as one participates in events associated with dance. He or she becomes familiar with the requirements and values of the dance, because the dos and donts of each dances learnt are also congruent to societal norms. For example, a fontonfrom,  [9]  nagila and adowa dancer, during state functions, will pay homage by bowing to the king, requesting for permission to dance. In the same way in our society, an Ashanti man will remove one of his footwear, lower the cloth on his left shoulder and bow to greet or shake hands with an Ashanti King. Furthermore, an $kyer1me will lower his cloth to the waist level, slightly place his right foot forward while stepping on the tail-end of his sandals before pouring libation. One is introduced to the societal moral requirements which form the ethical practices and principles of society as he or she studies through participation. Therefore, it is assume d that one becomes morally upright based on ones level of participation in dance, and his or her responds to its requirements. Morality is not ours originally, but learnt through socialization in the community. Hence, as the African grows, he or she learns through this habit formation to choose to do what is right from wrong. This is so because, to be morally right is not an in-born trait, but acquired with the choices one makes. One, consequently, bears the cost of the good or bad he or she purchases. One of the most important principles of the African is the family system the interdependency of the African. Thus, the challenge of one person is the challenge of all. This is not different in their dance performances. One does not perform in isolation because there will be no one to drum, sing, or hail the dancer and these are predominant in the African dance performance. Dancers mostly perform in groups at social functions, and admirers may hail them by clapping or walking into the dancing ring and fixing a coin on the forehead of the dancer. Gyekye (1996) opines that, the African is by nature a social being oriented towards others in a community of persons. Community life directly involves a person in social and moral roles, responsibilities, obligations and commitments that must be fulfilled. The Ghanaian is identified as a community member and therefore, seeks to uphold the values inherent in these obligations. These social obligations are the moral standards which sum up the e thics of the community. What Gyekye says is not different from the direction of this study because, the concern of the social being to live in an environment of peace, prepares him or her to adhere to ethical practices and principles of the community for posterity. Some of these ethical practices and principles can be found in the traditional dances and the festival activities of the African, while others are found in the day-to-day activities of people in the community, exist in isolation and therefore, are getting diminished. With changes that have occurred in our ethical life due to modernization, perhaps dance, through the medium of choreography can capture the essence of some of these values and bring them to attention of this contemporary community. The African lives for his community and Anthony Egan confirms this by his statement that If the foundation of African ethics is in the notion of humanness, what is to be a person, ubuntu sees this humanness as personhood in the community: a person is a person through other people. This confirms the earlier point raised that no one lives in isolation in the African system: a person life because others live; therefore, his or her activities affect the progress of the society. In light of the above, therefore, there is no doubt that the distinctive features which help recognize the African people are their cultural practices, social activities and values, religious and traditional beliefs, and principally their dance and musical traditions. 2.3 The Meaning of Ethics and Its Relevance to this Study In other to situate this research work within the context of ethics, some assertions by philosophical scholars such as Gyekye, Mbiti, Kant and others will be considered. According to Gyekye (1987), the Ghanaian equivalent word for ethics is suban. He explains that, ethics may be translated as suban ho nimdee or suban ho adwendwen, studies or reflections on character, a rendition which, in stressing the notion of character, agrees with the Akan conception of morality and hence can correctly be used, sometimes with an additional word or words to reflect modern usage, as the Akan equivalent for the word ethics.  [10]   In his contention, suban is so vital and for this reason, it is given a central place in the Ghanaian moral language and thought that it may be considered as summing up the whole idea of morality. For example, an Akan will say, He has no character (onni suban) instead of, He has no morals. That is, onni suban is mostly used if a person is describing the negative moral status of another person. The word pa or papa, meaning good is sometimes added to the sentence to make the meaning clearer in a moral sense. For instance, onni suban pa (he has no good character, or his conduct is unethical). The opposite of this statement is, owo suban pa (he has moral, or he is ethical, moral). That is a person with a praiseworthy character. This takes our discussion to the meaning of character and its relationship to ethics. Gyekye again defines character as a state or condition of a soul which causes it to perform its actions spontaneously and easily.  [11]  This presupposes that, the moral habit of an individual is innate and as he or she grows, the society teaches him or her to adopt good character to act positively at all times and in spontaneous situations. In support of this, Kant (1724-1804), states that, act as if the principle on which your action is based were to became, by your will, a universal law of nature.  [12]  Kants statement has bearing in the Akan proverb that says abaa a yÃŽÂ µde b4 Tekyi no, yÃŽÂ µde b4 Baah. This is literally translated as, do what you want others to do unto you or and therefore one should be mindful of his actions so as not to negatively affect other people. According to Kant, one must be fully aware of actions, whether good or bad, so that he or she will be fully responsible for the outcome thereafter. Bad people are not welcomed in social gathering such as festivals and therefore do not add up to the decision makers of the community. On the other hand, a person is believed to have the capability of changing from unacceptable behaviors to acceptable behaviors through the teaching of moral values embedded in proverbs, traditional dances and folktales. Such people become part of the society because, it is in living virtuously that human beings can give meaning to their social life and existence.  [13]   Johnsons (2004) article on Kants Moral Philosophy indicates his (Kants) substitution of ethics with morals and proposes that Once we seek out and establish the fundamental principle of morality a priori, then we may consult facts drawn from experience in order to determine how best to apply this principle to human beings and generate particular conclusions about how we ought to act.  [14]  Kant has observed that, to understand what ethics really is, an in-depth analysis of our moral concept must be sought. For example, Saint Augustine (354-430), as he sought to reinterpret the virtues of classical Greece says, Temperance, courage, justice and wisdom are expressions of Christian virtue.  [15]  In this direction, an action is regarded as right if it is in agreement with a moral rule or principle.  [16]  The understanding of the concept of good will, obligation, duty, and so on as well as their logical relationship to one another, is inevitably linked with the African concep t of ethics; thus, we can determine the rationality of ones actions; whether he does what is right or what is wrong. To buttress this point, Bantham Jeremy (1748-1832) positions that, correct actions are those that result in the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.  [17]  To live in a harmonious ON environment with one another, ones deeds must bring about the greatest degree of joy and happiness to him or herself as well as people around him. To Jeremy, ones happiness is quantifiable to units of pleasure, therefore less units of pain. However, Socrates (469-399bc) concepts of ethics that every person has full knowledge of ultimate truth contained within the soul and needs only to be spurred to conscious reflection in order to become aware of it.  [18]  The ultimate truth found within the soul of the African, as confirmed by Gyekye, is interpreted in the Akan proverb that says, no one shows the child where God is.  [19]  In other words, even a child knows what is right from wrong and this is because of the ultimate truth, which is an in-born-trait and is contained in the soul of the individual. While some African thinkers hold the view that, the punishment given to a person who has gone against an ethical rule may spur on others from committing the same crime, others hold a different view on the matter. For example, when a parent or guardian disciplines a child for insubordination, it spurs on other children from doing same. On the other hand, the idea of motivating people to do the right thing does not sit well with others. Since the ultimate truth is embedded in everyone, it presupposes that one does not need to be motivated to do what is right. Socrates ideology concerning ethics is to incite people to do the right thing and thus, without incentives people may not consciously reflect on the knowledge of ultimate truths. I agree with the two assertions because, from childhood one experiences moral virtues through habit-forming activities such as traditional dances, folk tales and others that include singing traditional songs and proverbs for socialization.  [20]  Furthermore, the society bears the responsibility of helping to discipline a child when he or she goes wrong, because of the collective perspective of society for the upbringing of its members. When a child goes wrong, the onus falls on the members of the community to discipline that child. One significant example observed during my research trip is my experience of the sacred atmosphere the Adjumako-Kokoben town experiences a month before the celebration of Twene KÃŽÂ µse festivities. People are required to eschew antisocial behaviors most especially during the festival season. Unethical behaviors such as stealing, gossiping, fighting and desecrating of sacred centers like the Twene KÃŽÂ µse shrines and mpusuban  [21]  are highly prohibited. This is because the period of the festival is considered holy, where spirits of departed ancestors come back home to prepare the grounds for the up-and-coming events. The community frowns on people who go contrary to this ethical rule and culprits are summoned and fined by their traditional council. During the festival, such persons are ridiculed with insulting songs to spur on others during the celebration of the Abangye which leads to the climax of the Twene KÃŽÂ µse festival. It is also a belief that, the spiritual entity that protects the community with it source from the deity, Twene KÃŽÂ µse, does not condone unethical people in the society.  [22]  This raises the question of whether or not the ethical rules or principles have a link with the supernatural or their traditional religion. However, John Mbiti (1969) agrees that ethical rule practiced worldwide may promote peace and tranquility among people. He points out that; As in all societies of the world, social order and peace are recognized by African people as essential and sacred. Where the sense of corporate life is so deep, it is inevitable that the solidarity of the community must be mentioned, otherwise there are disintegration and destruction.  [23]   He believes that, the African community is bound together with kinship relationship and therefore the unethical deeds of one person affect the entire community. This becomes sacrilegious during the holy periods of traditional festivals. For the purpose of this dissertation, the word suban will be adopted, thus, the required suban proposed by either the community or the gods (supernatural entities) to be practiced in socio-cultural and political activities. Theories of philosophers concerning the source of ethics in the traditional African society in relation to my research findings will be pursued in the next section. 2.4 Theoretical Framework 2.4.1 Ethical Concerns in African Cultural Standpoint Many scholars have written extensively on the ethical concerns in the traditional African societies. Some have attributed the Africans practice of ethics to their religious beliefs while others have disputed the fact and said that, ethics have less to do with religion. One of such philosophers who have suggested a relationship between the Africans way of life and religion is Kofi A. Opoku (1974). He notes; The phenomenon of religion is so pervasive in the life of the Akan, and so inextricably bound up with their culture, that it is not easy to isolate what is purely religious from other aspects of life. It may be said without fear or exaggeration that life in the Akan world is religion, and religion is life.  [24]   According to Opoku, the African cannot segregate himself from religion and hence religion affects his moral obligations, and therefore the Akan morality is based on religion. In other words, a persons moral standards are to a large extent dependent on his religion. Furthermore, Opoku (1978) writes on Akan morality and states that, Generally, morality evolves from religious considerations, and so pervasive is religion in African culture that ethics and religion cannot be separated from each other.  [25]  The traditional African is seen as a religious being through his daily reverence to divinities in his or her life circle; birth, puberty or initiation and death. When a child is born, libation is poured to ask for blessing for it and thank the gods for its save entrance from the supernatural to the natural world. In some cases, names of ancestors who led moral lives are given to the child to honor them. Puberty (a period that marks the beginning of adulthood in both men and women) , farming, fishing, hunting, enstoolment and distoolment of chiefs are not performed without the consent of a deity, so as the death rite of individuals. These activities are the customs and belief systems of the traditional people. Some of the customs and belief systems of the African community contain some ethics. The ideas behind their practices are beneficial and connote morality in the community. For example, it is unethical for one to whistle and sweep at night in the most Akan societies. Whistling may attract snakes, which can bite one to death. In the same way, precious tiny objects may be swept away at night. These are beliefs which when practiced becomes beneficial to the people. Can it also be said that the gods propounded these beliefs? Bishop Sarpong, in support of the above discussion states, Ethics here merges with religious practices, and assumes communal proportions. Among the Ghanaian, every ethical conduct may be said to be religiously orientated.  [26]  Busia (1969) a notable scholar of Ghanaian culture also declares that religion determines the moral duties for the members of a group or tribe.  [27]  Finally, Mbiti reinforces that, there exist, therefore, many laws, customs, set forms of behaviors, regulations, rules (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦), constituting the moral code and ethics of a given community or society. Some of these are held sacred, and are believed to have been instituted by Godà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.  [28]  All these assertions agree that ethics is hardly segregated from religion, and religion  [29]  has it source from Supreme Being (God or gods), not man. However, Kwame Gyekye, Segun Gbadegesin, Kwasi Wiredu and Polycarp Ikuenobe disagree with all the above claims. To them, moralities have less to do with religion where the source of this religion is God. Gyekye explains that, through his research in the Akan community, no one attributed rules of moral behavior to instructions from God. Nonetheless, Gyekye clarifies the relationship of Akan moralitys dependence on religion, and he provides two distinctions. He categorically states; It must mean or imply: (1) that moral concept such as good, bad, right, wrong, and ought are (to be) to be defined in terms of religious prescriptions or the commands of some supernatural being; (2) that moral beliefs, principles and ideas derive logically from those of religion and hence, (3) that religious prescriptions provide the necessary justification for moral beliefs, principles and judgments. Finally, (4) the moral conduct of individuals is determined or greatly influenced by their religious beliefs.  [30]   He distinguishes the above assertion of religion merging with morality and explains morality as referring, Either to a set of social rules and norms for guiding and regulating the conduct of people in a society, or behavior pattern, that is, responses or attitudes to such rules and norms. Thus, we speak not only of moral rules, beliefs, and prescription, but also of moral behavior, meaning behavior in conformity with accepted moral beliefs and rules: the moral person in one whose attitude or response to moral rule is satisfactory and commendable. So that the idea of the religious dependence on morality involves not only the sources of moral rules and principles, but also the influences that affect patterns of behavior.  [31]   Gyekye proves that there are visible distinctions with these two implications and for that matter, vivid analysis must be done in this aspect to avoid people from the mistake of given false conclusion on the issue of religion and morality in the African culture. According to Tufuhene Akorful IV and $kyer1ma Kwaku Aky1 from the Adjumako-Kokoben traditional Area, ethics are the morals values within the belief systems of the community that promote acceptable behaviors and were passed on from their forefathers unto them. Here, forefathers refer to the ancestors and traditional priests of the town. They believe that individuals do not accept acknowledgement for contributing to the welfare of the community, rather, wisdom is ascribed to people of old or ancestors, priest and gods. They therefore admit that, through the wisdom of the ancestor and the gods, ethical principles for moral behavior in the town, are propounded and communicated through their traditional priest unto the people. In this instance, one see two underlining features over here; the ancestors who were once human and the gods. Could it be that the provider of ethics is a shared responsibility of humans and the supernatural? Yes, because the traditional religion is a relationship b etween man and the supernatural, and though one is supreme over the other and may be the provider of ethics, the less supreme also has equal responsibility to make moral rules to protect his or her community. Yet, he or she does not take glory for his achievement, but ascribes it to the gods or ancestors. The Adjumako-Kokoben people believe that the traditional priest to the Twene KÃŽÂ µse god is the greatest priest of all times. He (the Twene Kese priest) protects his people by providing ethical rules. These are found within their belief systems. Table 1. The ethics found in some belief systems of the Adjumako-Kokoben people Examples Of Some Belief Systems In Adjumako-Kokoben The Ethics In Such Belief Systems Do not bring a whole bunch of Plantain called apim  [32]  to the house. Cut some fingers off first. By cutting some fingers off, it encourages sharing with others in the society. Do not bring a whole palm fruit to the house. Cut off some fruits first. Share some of the palm fruits with a neighbor. Do not pound fufu  [33]  at night. Eating heavy food at night may cause stomach upset. Insects or objects may fall in the fufu during pounding and cause harm to those who eat it. Do not go to the streams when menstruating or have a cut on your body. Diseases may be transmitted to other people. Do not bring dog to town. They are believed to carry bad spirit, which can affect the blessings of men. They can also bit and transmit diseases as well. Cut very long firewood into shorter pieces before bringing them home. They occupy lots of space. The carrier may hurt someone with it due to the length of the log. Unbalance may break the neck of the carrier. 2.5 Ethical Theories The fundamental principle of morality binds every individual in a community because ethics are about how to live a good life wherever one finds him or herself.  [34]  Meaning, harmonious life in a community depends on obeying the ethical principles therein. Richard T. Hull (1979), in his paper, The Varieties of Ethical Theories, explains various ethical theories and states the two fundamental types of ethical theory: those based on the notion of choosing ones actions so as to maximize the value or values to be expected as consequences of those actions (called consequentialist or teleological theories [from the Greek telos, meaning aim or purpose]; and those based on the notion of choosi

The War At Gettysburg :: essays research papers

The War at Gettysburg Getting There On the way to Gettysburg was tough. It was a long hard and tough journey getting there because there was no other way to get there for the army besides walking. It was so hard that some people died, and some got sick. The trip there was very long. Only about half all the people going there survived. The most of all people that died were Confederate men. The Population There was a lot of people involved in The War at Gettysburg. Major Joseph Hooker had 115,000 men in his army. Major Robert E. Lee had only 70,000 Confederate men in his army. Brig. General John Buford had opnly 4,000 men in his section of the confederate army. 9,000 of the Union died, 5,000 of the men scattered, and some 40,000 of the men held the ridge. Their Life The sodliers had a horrible life. Almost all of the soldiers worked night and day.They all risked their life to defend their armys and Union. Most of them got scared. Most died because they either got shot or the war was to hard for them. Some ran away, because they got scared, Their goal was to defend their Union. What Happened The Confederate went to war with the union in a small town called Gettysburg. The Union majorally beat the Confederate. 28,000 were wounded, captured, and killed from the Confederate. Major General George Meade some 23,000 Union Men, that was nearly a quater of his men. The war was over on July 3, 1863. The Union had won the war. Supplies The men nedded alot and I mean alot of supplies. Most men needed Clothes, Blankets,food, medicine, gun supplies, horses, wagons, cattle,and scores. They needed sauerkraut, thought to be remedy for diarrhea that plagued thousands of soldiers. They basically needed everything. Important People There was alot of people in The War at Gettysburg. Her are all of the names of the army people. Union: The Army of the potomac Major General George Meade; Commanding

Memoirs of a Geisha Book and Movie Analysis Essay

I. Introduction Speaking to us with the wisdom of age and in a voice at once haunting and startlingly immediate, Nitta Sayuri tells the story of her life as a geisha. It begins in a poor fishing village in 1929, when, as a nine-year-old girl with unusual blue-gray eyes, she is taken from her home and sold into slavery to a renowned geisha house. We witness her transformation as she learns the rigorous arts of the geisha: dance and music; wearing kimono, elaborate makeup, and hair; pouring sake to reveal just a touch of inner wrist; competing with a jealous rival for men’s solicitude and the money that goes with it. In Memoirs of a Geisha, we enter a world where appearances are paramount; where a girl’s virginity is auctioned to the highest bidder; where women are trained to beguile the most powerful men; and where love is scorned as illusion. It is a unique and triumphant work of fiction—at once romantic, erotic, suspenseful—and completely unforgettable. II. Comparison and Contrast After reading a lot of positive critique about the novel, I bought a copy and read it eagerly the moment I took hold of it. I’ve seen the movie long before I read the book. It was the movie that captured my interest and based on my experience, the books are always better than the movie, except for The DaVinci Code which I think, doesn’t have any difference with the book, that’s why I decided that it is a must to read the novel. The characters were vividly described. I was carried away by the emotions of the characters especially Nitta Sayuri, who was at the beginning, known as Chiyo, the girl from a poor coastal town who was sold to an okiya to be trained to become a geisha. It was focused on how a geisha is trained, about the life of a geisha. I always felt myself controlling my emotions especially on trying sequences in the novel. I was controlling my emotions just how Sayuri did, the way a geisha should. The character of Hatsumomo, on the other hand, made me feel mixed emotions. I was angry because of her cruelty to a helpless child but I also pity her because she knows that this very young helpless girl can eat her alive if she will get proper training as a geisha. The first real kindness that she experienced from the â€Å"Chairman† touched her deeply and gave her hope, a sense of purpose which vanished totally after she failed to meet her older sister when they planned to runaway and go back to their home. The book showed me that geishas are not prostitutes. They are well-trained, professional entertainers and although they, most of the time, manipulate men’s emotion for their own welfare, they know where their stand and that those men’s money were reciprocated by services enough that they don’t mind spending them. Communities depended greatly on Geishas, not directly but through the income they get from how the Geisha’s business operates. The book made me understand how hard it is to be a Geisha, how a woman gives her virginity to the highest bidder and how loving does not have a space in a woman’s life if she really want to succeed in her career. The movie did not do much explaining as the book but it was good. It did not show how meticulous it is to tie an obi. I did not feel overwhelmed by the dance scene as I felt reading how it was described in the book. They also changed how Hatsumomo left. In the book, she got so angry on a client that she bit him and after that, she was kicked out of the okiya but in the movie, she burned their okiya. I think it was a major turning point and should not be changed. It was also mentioned in the book how it felt strange when Hatsumomo was not living there in their okiya anymore. It was a good chance to play at the emotions of the viewers. But there were good things about the movie such as perfect soundtrack which carried on the mood and emphasized the emotions felt in different scenes, the casting was perfect although I would have chosen a prettier Mameha, and the colors were vivid, and some scenes made me go through the same emotions again as when I read it in the book such as the distant romance between the Chairman and Sayuri. I would also like it better if it was shown in the movie how the Chairman became Sayuri’s danna and that the two of them moved to NYC and Sayuri decided to put up her own teahouse there. III. Reaction The movie is a great supplement for the book. It was good by itself but reading the book will make you understand more, not only about being a Geisha but the culture in China, the complexity of the difference in economic status, the traditions that remained well-kept, and the depth of the kind of relationship that Sayuri and the Chairman had. The characters were well presented in the books as well as the settings and scenes. I love reading and I don’t get easily bored with books but it is also rare that I feel heavy in the chest to just put a book down. â€Å"Memoirs of a Geisha† is one of my favorite novels and although the movie did not make it to my list, it is a must-see if you read the novel. It would be much better if you read the book first because the movie will just help you visualize although that would not be needed because everything was vividly described by Arthur Golden in the novel the same way Rob Marshall precisely recreated the scenes that preserved the novel’s beautiful tragedy.

Mr. Collins In Pride And Prejudice - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 691 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Pride and Prejudice Essay Did you like this example? Jane Austen portrays Mr. Collins in Pride and Prejudice with various characteristic traits. He is a lot more than an awkward little man. Mr. Collins is confident, well-connected, arrogant, prideful, and he has a false sense of humility. He has a lot of layers and is not just a two-dimensional character, but a complex character who cannot be summed up into one word. Mr. Collins is first mentioned in the novel when he sends a letter to Mr. Bennet. The letter was formal and it gave him the illusion of being a humble man. If you should have no objection to receive me into your house, I propose myself the satisfaction of waiting on you and your family (Austen 43). He seems to be writing modestly and in the name of peace, but in actuality he is looking for his own personal gain from the Bennet family, and is not wanting to settle an old feud like he suggests. Mr. Collins is not just formal in his writing, but also in his manner of speaking. You can tell that most things he says he has already pre-prepared. For example, when he proposes to Elizabeth it was almost like he was reading off a list or prepared some sort of outline beforehand of the reasons they should get married. On page 67 he even admits to planning his speeches or remarks ahead of time by saying he sometimes amuses himself with suggesting and arranging such little elegant compli ments as may be adapted to ordinary occasions Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mr. Collins In Pride And Prejudice" essay for you Create order Mr. Collins is very self aware of his status as a minister and heir to Longbourne. Behind his false humility he has great self-importance. He believes himself better than many people because of his connections to Lady Catherine de Bourgh and often belittles others to show their inferiority. For example, Mr. Collins says to Elizabeth I would advise you merely to put on whatever of your clothes is superior to the restLady Catherine will not think the worse of you for being simply dressed(158). Again, we see Mr. Collins pretending to be this humble and kind man, but really his arrogance and pride keep him from ever actually being the man he pretends to be and instead he belittles others because of his self-importance. However, he does lack self-awareness in that he is unaware of how everyone sees his personality as rather annoying, and his mannerisms awkward and ridiculous. Not only is Mr. Collins aware of his status, but he bases his entire value system around it. His status made him prideful and so he acted like he was humble and saintly while others were inferior to his connections and how he had been educated. He thinks he has the power to tell others what to do. For example, after he had heard of Lydia running away with Wickham he wrote a strongly worded letter to the Bennets telling them that they should disown and never speak to her again because of what she had done. Mr. Collins had no right to interfere with their personal affairs, but did anyway because of his superiority complex. Even in Jane Austens more minor characters she showed the depth of a human person. Mr. Collins cannot just be summed up with one word. He has depth. The readers first see him as a formal and humble man, but as the novel progresses he is seen as a conceited man living behind the facade of a humble man. He is aware of his status and lords it over people, but does it in a sneaky way. He is unaware of his awkwardness and annoying manners because he finds himself very proper. Mr. Collins is like a lot of people today, but in an exaggerated way. Many people tend to pretend like they are better than what they are and try to put on an act. However, people are not always what they seem and sooner or later the mask they hide behind is taken off. Mr. Collins was more than just one thing. He developed more as the readers got to know his character and discover his many positive and negative qualities.